English · 박찬두 ·
The Spirituality Erased by Zhu Xi and Zhang Zai: What the Four Books and Five Classics Testify About a 'Personal God'
AI 3-line summary
- The Korean Today carries an article arguing that Zhu Xi and Zhang Zai reinterpreted the god of the scriptures as the laws of li and qi, and that traces of a personal god can be found in the Four Books and Three Classics.
- The article cites passages from the Shijing, Shujing, Yijing, Analects, Mencius, Zhongyong and Daxue, in which heaven and Shangdi speak, observe and judge.
- The article is a programmatic piece that counters the view of Confucianism as a rationalist philosophy and calls for restoring the religious character of early Confucianism.
Summary written by AI from the original article · 88 languages

Read the full article (machine translation) → Original article (Korean): 주희와 장재가 지운 영성: 사서삼경(四書三經)이 증언하는 ‘인격신’의 실재
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